Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition that gradually destroys brain cells. This disease is the most prevalent cause of dementia, which is characterised by a steady decline in mental, behavioural, and social abilities and impairs a person's capacity for independent functioning. In India, more than 4 million people have one or the other form of dementia.
Caregiving for those with dementia and Alzheimer's disease requires flexibility and patience. If you are caring for someone with Alzheimer's disease or dementia, your role in managing daily tasks will increase as the disease progresses. OnlyMyHealth editorial team spoke to Dr. Kunal Bahrani, Director- Neurology, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Faridabad, to know about the care tips for Alzheimer's patients.
Care for Alzheimer’s patients
A person with dementia might become agitated when simple tasks become difficult. In order to overcome the challenges and ease out their frustration, caregivers of alzheimer's patients can follow the tips listed below:
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1. Schedule wisely
Establish a daily routine. Certain tasks, like bathing or medical appointments are easier if the person is feeling alert and refreshed. Be flexible for any spontaneous activities, especially on difficult days for the patient.
2. Take your time
It is important to comprehend that regular tasks can take longer than they used to and a caregiver should make more time for them. Allow time for breaks during tasks as this can help in easing their frustration. Take your time to understand their capability and understanding.
3. Involve the person
Help the person who has dementia to do as much as possible with least assistance from you. He/she might be able to set the table with the help of visual cues or dress independently if you lay out clothes in the order they go on.
Also read: World Alzheimer's Day: The Need For Timely Diagnosis & Treatment, As Per Expert
4. Provide choices
Provide some, but not too many, choices daily. For example, provide two outfits to choose from or ask if he/she prefers a hot or cold beverage, or ask if he/she would rather go for a walk or see a movie etc. Giving options to choose from can be helpful in understanding preferences. Give simple instructions as people with dementia best understand simple, clear, and one-step communication.
5. Limit napping and reduce distractions
Avoid multiple or prolonged naps during the day. This can reduce the risk of getting days and nights reversed. Turn off the television and avoid any other distractions during mealtime and conversations to make it easier for the person suffering from Alzheimer's to focus.
The treatment of Alzheimer's disease consists of cognition-enhancing medications. This medication improves mental function, lowers blood pressure, and may balance mood. Physical exercise and aerobic activity for 20 to 30 minutes for five days a week can improve cardiovascular health. There is no cure for this disease, but medication and management strategies may temporarily improve the symptoms.