Thyroid is a small gland that produces hormones mainly responsible for regulating the metabolic rate, growth, and development. It looks after how the body uses energy and also facilitates other bodily functions, such as controlling heart, muscles, and digestion. When the thyroid gland stops functioning properly, it can lead to thyroid disorders. But are only women prone to the condition? Can men have it too? We at Only My Health spoke with Dr Amruta Bakshi, MBBS, MD, CCMTD (Thyroid Disorders) at Loop Health, to get some answers.
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Thyroid Disorder More Common Among Women But Men Can Have It Too
"Thyroid disorders can affect men just as they do women, although they are more commonly associated with the female population,” said Dr Bakshi, adding that understanding the signs and seeking proper diagnosis is crucial for early detection and effective management.”
According to a study published in the Medical Clinics of North America, thyroid disorders occur more commonly in women than in men. As per the study, this gender difference can be partially accounted for by the autoimmune nature of many thyroid disorders as autoimmune diseases occur more frequently in women.
However, even though women are much more likely to develop thyroid problems than men, men can experience an overactive thyroid too, also called male hyperthyroidism.
Understanding The Difference Between Hyperthyroidism And Hypothyroidism
Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are common thyroid disorders. However, both are different.
Hypothyroidism
Also known as an underactive thyroid, hypothyroid occurs when your thyroid gland fails to produce enough hormones. According to Mayo Clinic, the most common cause of hypothyroidism is an autoimmune disease called Hashimoto's disease. Autoimmune diseases take place when the immune system makes antibodies that attack healthy tissues, which sometimes involves the thyroid gland and affects its ability to produce hormones.
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of hormones. It is often caused by an inflammation of the thyroid gland, excessive iodine consumption, taking too many thyroid medications and a noncancerous pituitary gland tumour.
Also Read: Common Thyroid Medication Mistakes You Should Avoid, As Per Expert
Watch Out For The Symptoms In Men
Dr Bakshi said, “Signs of thyroid disorders in men can vary depending on the specific condition. Hypothyroidism, characterised by an underactive thyroid, may present with symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, depression, constipation, and decreased libido. On the other hand, hyperthyroidism, which is an overactive thyroid, may cause symptoms like weight loss, irritability, rapid heartbeat, increased sweating, and anxiety.
Early Diagnosis Is Key
According to Dr Bakshi, diagnosing thyroid disorders involves a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional. “This typically includes a thorough medical history review, physical examination, and blood tests to measure levels of thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, T4). Imaging tests such as ultrasound or thyroid scan may be recommended to assess the gland's structure and identify any abnormalities,” she added.
Men experiencing symptoms suggestive of a thyroid disorder should consult a healthcare provider promptly. “Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help manage symptoms, improve overall well-being, and prevent potential complications associated with thyroid disorders,” the doctor concluded.