Do you ever find a person who is unable to open their mouth properly? They may be suffering from oral fibrosis, a disorder that affects the soft tissues of the oral cavity, resulting in the production of fibrous bands and decreased oral flexibility.
This disorder can affect a person's ability to execute basic oral tasks such as speaking, eating, and maintaining adequate oral hygiene. According to the World Health Organisation, in India, the prevalence of oral fibrosis ranges between 0.2% and 1.2%.
Symptoms of Oral Fibrosis
Can’t Able To Open Their Mouth Properly
"One of the primary symptoms of oral fibrosis is a limited ability to open the mouth fully. As fibrous bands develop in the oral tissues, they restrict the normal range of motion, causing difficulty in activities like eating and speaking," said Dr Sanjay Chaudhary, MBBS, MD, VMMC, New Delhi.
Tightness or Discomfort
People with oral fibrosis often experience a sensation of tightness or discomfort in the affected areas. This can be particularly noticeable during jaw movements or when trying to open the mouth wider.
Difficulty in Chewing and Swallowing
Fibrous bands can interfere with the proper functioning of the oral muscles, leading to difficulty in chewing and swallowing. This can result in nutritional deficiencies and weight loss over time.
Speech Impairment
The restricted movement of the oral structures can also affect speech. Pronouncing certain words and sounds may become challenging, impacting the individual's ability to communicate effectively.
Formation of Fibrous Bands
Visible fibrous bands or bands that can be felt under the tongue or along the cheeks are a characteristic feature of oral fibrosis. These bands contribute to the tightening and reduced flexibility of the affected tissues.
Causes of Oral Fibrosis
Tobacco and Betel Nut Use
The most common cause of oral fibrosis is the habitual use of tobacco and betel nut. Chewing tobacco or betel quid exposes the oral tissues to harmful substances that can lead to the development of fibrous bands over time.
Poor Oral Hygiene
Inadequate oral hygiene practices can contribute to the progression of oral fibrosis. Poor oral care can lead to chronic inflammation, creating an environment conducive to the development of fibrotic tissue.
Oral fibrosis is a condition that can significantly impact a person's quality of life. Recognising the symptoms early and seeking prompt medical attention is important for effective management. The key to preventing and treating oral fibrosis lies in addressing the underlying causes, particularly the cessation of tobacco and betel nut use.
Also read: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Explained: All You Need To Know
People with oral fibrosis can regain optimal dental function and enhance their overall well-being with a comprehensive strategy that may involve lifestyle changes, physical therapy, and, in some circumstances, surgical intervention. Preventing the start or recurrence of this disorder requires regular dental check-ups and a dedication to proper oral hygiene.