The coastal states of the United States, including Florida and Louisiana, are reporting a rising number of infections caused by the “flesh-eating” bacteria Vibrio vulnificus. So far, public health officials have reported eight deaths around the Gulf Coast, along with several hospitalisation cases. In Florida, the current number of infections stands at 13, along with four reported deaths, as per the Florida Health website.
Louisiana health officials have reported 17 cases of Vibrio vulnificus and four deaths due to the bacteria so far in 2025. Of the 17 cases, 75 percent were linked to exposure of wounds to seawater.
Also Read: Japan Sees Sharp Surge In Flesh Eating Bacteria Infection; Here’s Everything To Know About It
What Is Vibrio Vulnificus Infection?
Vibrio vulnificus infection is a severe illness caused by a bacterium called Vibrio found in warm coastal waters. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the bacteria are found in higher numbers in May through October, when water temperatures are warmer.
It can be contracted through consuming raw or undercooked seafood, especially oysters, or through open wounds exposed to contaminated seawater.
The countries with the most reported cases of Vibrio vulnificus are the United States, South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, and Mexico, according to StatPearls Publishing.
Symptoms Of Vibrio Vulnificus Infection
Common signs and symptoms of Vibrio infection include:
- Watery diarrhoea
- Stomach cramps
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Fever
- Chills
Signs and symptoms of Vibrio bloodstream infection include:
- Fever
- Chills
- Dangerously low blood pressure
- Blistering skin lesions
Signs and symptoms of Vibrio wound infection include:
- Fever
- Redness
- Pain
- Swelling
- Warmth
- Discolouration (turning a colour other than normal)
- Discharge (leaking fluids)
Necrotising Fasciitis – A Severe Complication
Vibrio vulnificus can cause severe and life-threatening infections, including necrotising fasciitis, in which the flesh around an open wound dies. This is one of the reasons why Vibrio vulnificus is called the 'flesh-eating' bacteria.
However, public health experts believe group A Streptococcus are the most common cause of necrotising fasciitis in the US, reports the CDC.
How To Protect Against Vibrio Vulnificus
The CDC suggests that most people develop a Vibrio infection by "eating raw or undercooked shellfish, especially oysters." Therefore, some of the effective steps to prevent vibrio infections include:
- Do not eat raw or undercooked oysters or other seafood. Cook them before eating.
- Do not let raw seafood, its drippings, or its juices contaminate other foods.
- Always wash hands with soap and water after handling raw shellfish.
- If you are at increased risk for infection, wear protective gloves when handling raw seafood.
Conclusion
The rise in the number of Vibrio infections has raised concerns among US health officials, particularly in the coastal states that have a shoreline on the Gulf of Mexico. While experts urge residents to report any new or unusual symptoms, it is important to take all necessary measures to protect oneself from the infection. For more information, it is best to talk to medical professionals and doctors.