Breast Care: Causes Of Nipple Discharge Without Pregnancy

Nipple discharge can occur for many reasons, one of which is pregnancy, which is often a result of hormonal fluctuations. The appearance of the discharge in pregnant women usually ranges from clear and milky to yellowish in colour.

Note that not all nipple discharge is associated with pregnancy. Sometimes, it can also indicate an underlying issue, such as infection or a benign growth. Speaking with the OnlyMyHealth team, Dr Krutika Ramdin, Consultant-Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SRV Hospitals, Goregaon, shed light on the same.

Also Read: Breast Size Doesn’t Increase Breast Cancer Risk: Here’s What Does As Per A Breast Cancer Expert

Possible Causes Of Nipple Discharge Without Pregnancy

A study published in the BJR Open suggests that more than 80% of females experience nipple discharge during their lifetime. It is the third most common breast symptom that demands medical care after breast pain and breast palpable mass.

According to Dr Ramdin, many factors can contribute to nipple discharge other than pregnancy. These include:

• Hormonal fluctuations during menstrual cycles, or perimenopause
• Benign growths in the milk ducts, often with a small amount of blood
• Dilation and inflammation of the mammary ducts, more common in women approaching menopause
• Conditions such as mastitis (inflammation of breast tissue) or certain types of dermatitis
• Certain medications, including contraceptives and psychotropic drugs
• Injury to the breast or chest wall
• Conditions, such as hypothyroidism or certain pituitary gland disorders, that affect hormonal balance

Signs You Need Medical Attention

Dr Ramdin said, “It is crucial to note that nipple discharge, particularly if persistent, bloody, or associated with other symptoms, such as breast lumps or changes, should be assessed by a healthcare professional.”

She added, “This may involve a clinical examination, imaging studies, and possibly a biopsy to determine the underlying cause and appropriate management.”

She listed a few symptoms that indicate urgency to get a proper evaluation, which include:

• Bloody or spontaneous discharge
• Any nipple discharge accompanied by other breast changes or painful symptoms
• Discharge from only one breast

Benign Vs. Malignant Breast Condition (Cancer)

While most cases of nipple discharge are a result of benign breast conditions, some can indicate malignant disease, such as breast cancer. So how do we differentiate between the two? Listed below are some points to consider:

• While milky, yellow, or green discharge is often associated with benign conditions, bloody or clear discharge is more concerning and may warrant further investigation.
• Spontaneous discharge that occurs without manipulation or pressure on the breasts may be more indicative of an underlying issue.
• Nipple discharge accompanied by a breast lump, changes in breast size or shape, skin changes, or persistent breast pain are causes of concern.
• Discharge that starts after menopause or is persistent and not related to hormonal fluctuations requires evaluation, whereas discharge related to hormonal changes, especially in premenopausal women, may be more benign.

Conclusion

Nipple discharge can be a telltale sign of pregnancy. However, it can also occur due to underlying medical conditions, which can be both benign and life-threatening. Remember to consult with a doctor or a medical professional who can evaluate your breasts further for conclusive results. While most nipple discharges are harmless, it is also advisable to get a professional’s advice.