Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a widespread health issue affecting millions of people globally. While its link to heart disease and stroke is well-established, recent research sheds light on the potential impact of hypertension on reproductive health and complications during pregnancy. Let's know how hypertension can impact pregnancy.
Speaking with the editorial team of OnlyMyHealth, Dr Sabine Kapasi, Public health leader at UNDAC & Geneva explains if hypertension can affect a person's reproductive health. Here is what she shared with us.
Impact Of Hypertension on Fertility
Studies suggest that hypertension may have an adverse effect on not only female but also male fertility. In males, high blood pressure can lead to erectile dysfunction and reduced sperm quality, impairing the ability to achieve or maintain an erection and decreasing fertility potential. On the other hand, females with hypertension may experience menstrual irregularities, hormonal imbalances, and reduced ovarian function, affecting ovulation and fertility, shares Dr Kapasi.
Complications During Pregnancy
Hypertension poses significant risks during pregnancy, particularly with a condition called preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is characterised by high blood pressure, along with damage to organs such as the liver and kidneys. It can be life-threatening for both the mother and the developing foetus. Hypertension during pregnancy increases the chances of preterm birth, low birth weight, and other complications that may impact the long-term health of the child.
Also read: Type 1 vs Type 2 Diabetes: Here's What You Need To Know
Impact on Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)
Individuals undergoing assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF), may face additional challenges if they have hypertension. Hypertension can impact the success rates of ART procedures, as it may reduce blood flow to the reproductive organs and affect the quality of eggs and embryos. Furthermore, certain antihypertensive medications used to manage high blood pressure may interfere with fertility treatments.
Management and Prevention
Managing hypertension is crucial for maintaining reproductive health. Lifestyle modifications such as adopting a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, managing stress, and maintaining a healthy weight can help control blood pressure levels. For individuals planning to conceive, it is advisable to consult with healthcare professionals to optimise blood pressure control before attempting pregnancy. Pregnant women with hypertension require close monitoring and specialised care to minimise complications.