Alcohol, when consumed in moderation, can be an enjoyable part of social gatherings and celebrations. However, excessive drinking can lead to a dangerous condition known as alcohol poisoning. Alcohol poisoning occurs when a person consumes a large amount of alcohol in a short period, overwhelming the body's ability to metabolise it.
When someone drinks excessively, alcohol affects various bodily functions, including the brain, heart, liver, and respiratory system. Here are some key things that happen when you drink too much alcohol:
1. Impaired judgement and coordination
Alcohol affects the brain, impairing judgement, coordination, and decision-making abilities. This can lead to risky behaviours, accidents, and falls, increasing the likelihood of injury.
2. Nausea and vomiting
Excessive alcohol consumption irritates the stomach lining, leading to feelings of nausea and potentially triggering vomiting. This response is the body's attempt to rid itself of the toxic substance.
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3. Slowed heart rate and breathing
Alcohol acts as a depressant, slowing down the central nervous system. In cases of alcohol poisoning, the heart rate and breathing may become dangerously slow, depriving the body of oxygen.
4. Hypothermia and pale skin
Alcohol widens the blood vessels near the skin's surface, resulting in rapid heat loss. This can cause a drop in body temperature, leading to hypothermia. Pale or bluish skin can also indicate reduced blood flow and oxygenation.
5. Confusion and unconsciousness
As alcohol levels rise in the bloodstream, it can severely impair cognitive function, leading to confusion, disorientation, and eventually loss of consciousness. Unconsciousness is a serious sign of alcohol poisoning and requires immediate medical attention.
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6. Seizures and respiratory failure
In severe cases of alcohol poisoning, seizures may occur as a result of the brain's abnormal electrical activity. Additionally, excessive alcohol can depress the respiratory system to the point of failure, leading to coma or even death.
Alcohol poisoning is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention. If you suspect someone may have alcohol poisoning, it is vital to call emergency services right away. While waiting for medical help, try to keep the person awake and in a sitting position to prevent choking on vomit. It's crucial not to leave them alone, as the situation can quickly worsen.