Women's Hearts at Risk: Warning Signs And Factors To Look Out For

Heart disease is often perceived as a predominantly male issue, but it's equally, if not more, critical for women. In fact, heart disease is the leading cause of death among women globally, yet many remain unaware of the specific symptoms and risk factors that put them at risk. Understanding these signs and taking preventive measures can make all the difference.

Key Symptoms to Watch For

While men and women can experience similar heart attack symptoms, women often face subtler and sometimes atypical signs that are frequently overlooked. To understand the symptoms and factors for heart problems in women, OnlyMyHealth interacted with Dr Sumol Ratna, Assistant Professor at the Department of Medicine, Noida International University (NIU).

1. Chest discomfort: Unlike the sharp chest pain often reported by men, women may experience chest discomfort, pressure, or a squeezing sensation that might come and go. Dr Ratna emphasises, "It's crucial not to dismiss any form of chest discomfort as mere indigestion or stress, especially if it's persistent."
2. Shortness of breath: Women might feel breathless even during mild physical activities or while resting. This symptom can be easily mistaken for anxiety or lack of fitness but should not be ignored.
3. Fatigue: Unexplained, overwhelming fatigue that isn't relieved by rest is another warning sign. Dr Ratna notes, "Women often attribute their fatigue to a busy lifestyle, but persistent tiredness, especially if it's new, could be a sign of something more serious."
4. Pain in other areas: Women are more likely than men to experience pain in the neck, jaw, back, or upper abdomen. This discomfort can sometimes radiate from the chest, or it might appear without any chest pain at all.
5. Nausea or indigestion: Feeling nauseous, bloated, or experiencing stomach discomfort can also be linked to heart problems in women. Dr Ratna advises, "Women should be particularly vigilant about these symptoms, especially when they occur alongside other warning signs."
6. Dizziness or lightheadedness: Experiencing dizziness or feeling faint could be a symptom of an underlying heart issue, and it's important to seek medical attention if this occurs frequently.

Risk Factors Women Should Be Aware Of

Several risk factors increase the likelihood of heart disease in women, some of which are unique to them.

Age: The risk of heart disease increases with age, particularly after menopause when the protective effects of oestrogen diminish.

Family ihstory: A history of heart disease in close family members can significantly raise a woman’s risk.

High blood pressure: Hypertension is a leading contributor to heart disease and stroke. Regular monitoring and management are crucial.

High cholesterol: Elevated LDL cholesterol levels and low HDL cholesterol can lead to the buildup of plaques in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease.

Diabetes: Women with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing heart disease than men with the same condition. Dr Ratna points out, "Managing blood sugar levels is essential, but women should also be aware of the broader cardiovascular risks associated with diabetes."

Smoking: Tobacco use, including exposure to secondhand smoke, is a major risk factor for heart disease.

Obesity: Excess weight, particularly around the abdomen, is closely linked to heart problems.

Physical inactivity: A sedentary lifestyle contributes significantly to heart disease risk. Dr Ratna encourages women to incorporate regular physical activity into their daily routines.

Stress and mental health: Chronic stress, anxiety, and depression can take a toll on heart health. "Mental well-being is as important as physical health when it comes to protecting the heart," says Dr Ratna.

Also read: Should You Switch To A Vegetarian Diet For Heart Health?

Prevention and Awareness

To protect heart health, regular check-ups and screenings are essential. Maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in physical activity, managing stress, and avoiding smoking are crucial lifestyle choices. Being aware of the symptoms and risk factors specific to women is the first step toward prevention.

Dr Sumol Ratna concludes, "Women need to be proactive about their heart health. Early detection and lifestyle changes can prevent the progression of heart disease and significantly improve quality of life." By taking these steps, women can safeguard their hearts and lead healthier, more fulfilling lives.