Rickets, a bone-softening disease prevalent in the Victorian era, has made a surprising resurgence. Once believed eradicated by modern medicine, this childhood condition has seen a dramatic increase in recent years in the United Kingdom (UK).
National Health Service (NHS) data reveals that rickets cases in the United Kingdom soared from under 100 annually since 2019 to over 580 by 2023 – a 380% increase. While this alarming statistic indicates a potential health crisis, medical experts believe that part of the surge might be attributed to improved disease recognition. However, experts also claim that low Vitamin D in a child’s diet may be why this increased number of rickets cases in the UK.
How Does Low Vitamin D Cause Rickets?
Hospitals in the UK have intensified efforts to recommend vitamin D supplementation for at-risk babies, including those born to mothers with low vitamin D levels, in response to the increase in rickets cases.
This trend aligns with broader NHS data showing a substantial increase in hospital admissions related to vitamin D deficiency. From 31,576 admissions in 2014, the number jumped to 1,88,114 in the following year, highlighting a wider issue of vitamin D insufficiency in the population.
Connection Between Vitamin D and Calcium
Calcium, a well-known mineral, is essential for building and maintaining strong bones and teeth. It works in tandem with phosphorus to create the hard, mineralised tissue that gives bones their strength.
According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, vitamin D, often called the ‘sunshine vitamin,’ plays a pivotal role in calcium absorption. It helps your body absorb calcium from the food you eat and utilise it effectively for bone health. Without sufficient vitamin D, your body struggles to absorb calcium, even if you consume plenty of it.
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How Vitamin D and Calcium Deficiency Leads to Rickets
When a child doesn't get enough vitamin D or calcium, their bones can't mineralise properly. This leads to soft, weak bones that are susceptible to bending and deformity, characteristic of rickets.
According to NHS, the common symptoms of rickets include:
- Bowed legs
- Knock-knees
- Delayed growth and development
- Pain in the bones
- Muscle weakness
- Dental problems
How To Prevent Rickets?
To protect your child from rickets, it's essential to ensure they get adequate amounts of vitamin D and calcium. Here are some tips:
- Sun exposure: While excessive sun exposure can be harmful, getting some sunlight on your skin helps your body produce vitamin D.
- Dietary sources: Incorporate foods rich in vitamin D and calcium into your child's diet. Fatty fish, egg yolks, fortified dairy products, and leafy green vegetables are good options.
- Supplements: In some cases, your child may need vitamin D or calcium supplements. Consult your paediatrician for guidance.
Remember, a healthy balance of vitamin D and calcium is vital for strong bones throughout life. By understanding the connection between these nutrients and rickets, you can take steps to protect your child's bone health. If you suspect your child might have rickets, it's crucial to seek medical attention promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent severe complications.