In our fast-paced world, where late-night work sessions and endless entertainment often rob us of precious sleep, the importance of a good night's rest cannot be overstated. Beyond just feeling refreshed and alert, emerging research suggests that deep sleep may play a crucial role in protecting our brains against Alzheimer's disease. This neurodegenerative condition, which affects millions worldwide, is characterised by memory loss and cognitive decline. But could the key to prevention lie in something as simple as getting enough deep sleep? Let's explore how quality slumber might be our brain's best defence against Alzheimer's.
According to a recent study, People who get more deep sleep appear less likely to develop Alzheimer's. That may be because this phase of sleep allows the brain to clear out waste products.
To understand the connection between deep sleep and Alzheimer's disease, OnlyMyHealth team spoke to Dr Darshan Doshi, Consultant Neurology, P D Hinduja Hospital and MRC, Mumbai.
How Can Deep Sleep Work Against Alzheimer’s
“Deep sleep, also known as slow-wave sleep, is a stage of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep characterised by slow brain waves. During this phase, the brain undergoes a cleaning process, flushing out toxic waste products that accumulate during waking hours. One such waste product is beta-amyloid, a protein associated with Alzheimer's disease,” Dr Doshi explained.
Alzheimer's is a form of dementia that impacts memory, thinking, and behaviour. Over time, symptoms become severe enough to disrupt daily activities. This devastating neurodegenerative disorder affects millions worldwide. In India alone, more than four million people have some form of dementia and making potential preventive measures has become increasingly important.
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Research and Evidence
Several studies have shown a significant correlation between disrupted sleep patterns and higher levels of beta-amyloid in their brains. Citing a research, Dr Doshi said, “One such research conducted at the University of California, Berkeley, suggests that poor sleep quality, particularly a lack of deep sleep, may contribute to the buildup of Alzheimer's - related proteins. This disease is believed to result mainly from an abnormal accumulation of proteins in and around brain cells. One of these proteins, amyloid, forms plaques around brain cells, while another protein, tau, creates tangles within the cells.”
Moreover, a study published by the NIH revealed that even one night of sleep deprivation can lead to an increase in beta-amyloid levels. The researchers conducted brain scans on participants both after a full night’s sleep and after 31 hours of sleep deprivation. They found that beta-amyloid levels increased by about 5% following the sleepless night. This increase occurred in brain regions such as the thalamus and hippocampus, which are particularly susceptible to early damage in Alzheimer’s disease. This highlights the importance of consistent, quality sleep in maintaining brain health.
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Adding further, Dr Doshi said, “While these findings are promising, it is important to note that the relationship between sleep and Alzheimer's is complex and not yet fully understood. Other factors, such as genetics, diet, and lifestyle, also play significant roles in the development of the disease.”
Conclusion
“Nevertheless, prioritising good sleep hygiene may be a valuable strategy in the fight against Alzheimer's. This includes maintaining a regular sleep schedule, creating a comfortable sleep environment, avoiding screen time before bedtime, and managing stress levels,” Dr Doshi advised. As research in this field continues, the potential protective effects of deep sleep against Alzheimer's disease offer hope for new preventive strategies and treatments.