Dr. Meena Chhabra explains that the basic difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes is that in the former, patients have no insulin production whereas in the latter there is inadequate insulin reserve. Type 1 diabetics need insulin to survive therefore, they have to take it through injection because there are no insulin tablets. Initially, patients with type 1 diabetes were called juvenile diabetics. In type 2 diabetes, there is lower insulin production, which is not enough to lower the blood glucose (sugar) level due to insulin resistance. Usually, type 2 diabetics are prescribed oral medications and in some severe cases, insulin injections may be given to patients for better blood sugar control.